~ by Fred Cheetham, Book Sales Representative, Ontario
Understanding the economics of book printing is essential for publishers and authors aiming to manage costs effectively. This guide outlines the key factors that influence book printing expenses, including fixed costs, book size, press types, run length, page counts, ganging, shipping, and the importance of test files.
Fixed Costs
Book printing involves setup charges for equipment like presses, binding lines, sewing machines, laminators, and foil stampers. These costs are fixed, regardless of quantity. For example:
- $1,000 setup ÷ 500 copies = $2.00/book
- $1,000 setup ÷ 1,000 copies = $1.00/book
- $1,000 setup ÷ 2,000 copies = $0.50/book
Larger print runs reduce the per-unit cost significantly.
Book Size
Book dimensions can affect cost. For colour books, we stock various paper sizes and weights. Most jobs use in-house stock, but custom rolls are ordered when necessary and feasible. For black and white books, custom paper is typically reserved for large runs. Standard trim sizes help minimize waste and reduce costs.
Press Types: Quality vs. Cost
We operate four press types:
- Offset colour presses (highest quality)
- Digital toner presses (mid-range quality)
- Web presses (black and white)
- Inkjet presses (cost-effective for both colour and black and white)
Inkjet is ideal for short runs (500–3,000 copies). The choice of press depends on quantity and desired quality.
Run Length Misconceptions
While setup costs heavily influence small runs, running and material costs are the heavier influencers on larger runs. Doubling the quantity (e.g., 25,000 to 50,000) doesn’t double the cost, as the setup costs are only applicable once per job. Material prices are typically fixed annually unless suppliers raise rates.
Page Counts
Fewer pages usually mean lower costs, but not always. Books are printed in signatures, which affect binding efficiency. For example:
- A 6″ x 9″, 232-page book may require 6 signatures (4×48, 1×24, 1×16).
- A 240-page version may need only 5 signatures (5×48), making it cheaper.
The same applies to colour books. Signature configuration can make a slightly higher page count less expensive.
Ganging: Printing vs. Binding
Running multiple titles together can reduce binding costs if books share the same size and page count. While offset printing sees minimal savings due to plate changes, binding setup can be streamlined across similar titles.
Shipping Costs
Combining shipments of multiple titles can yield savings if the total weight and skid count meet minimum thresholds. Book size and weight also influence shipping efficiency.
Test Files
We recommend submitting 4–5 sample pages 3–4 weeks before final files. This allows us to verify setup and provide high-resolution proofs. Early colour adjustments prevent costly delays. This service is complimentary.
Navigating the economics of book printing involves understanding a range of variables, from setup costs and press types to page counts and shipping logistics. By considering these factors early in the planning process, publishers and authors can make informed decisions that optimize both quality and cost-efficiency. Whether you’re printing a short run or a large volume, leveraging standard sizes, testing files in advance, and understanding how production choices affect pricing can lead to significant savings and smoother production timelines. With the right strategy, book printing becomes not just a creative endeavor, but a smart business decision.
